Material hoists are core equipment for vertical or steep-incline material conveying in industrial and construction fields, efficiently handling bulk materials (such as granules, powders, lumps) or piece goods through potential energy conversion. Their working principle relies on the coordinated cyclic operation of traction components and bearing components, widely used in construction, mining, warehousing and logistics, chemical production and other scenarios.
I. Core Types and Working Principles
1. Bucket Elevator
It uses buckets fixed on traction elements (endless chain, plate chain or rubber belt) to scoop up materials at the bottom, lift them to the top, and discharge through centrifugal force, gravity or a mixed method. Suitable for granular and powdery materials like grain, cement, and ore, with temperature resistance varying significantly by material: ordinary rubber belts withstand 60°C, heat-resistant rubber belts reach 120°C, and chain structures can bear high temperatures up to 250°C.
2. Plate Chain Elevator
Equipped with parallel plate chains and continuous material plate structures, it is specially designed for bulky, high-temperature or highly abrasive materials (such as coke and clinker), featuring high load capacity but relatively low operating speed.
3. Screw Elevator
It relies on the rotation of screw blades to push powdery or small granular materials for short-distance lifting, with a compact structure but limited conveying capacity.
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