The focus of much regulation is the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The shipping emissions reduction market provides the technologies and operational measures to achieve these reductions. Key IMO regulations include the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) for new ships, the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI) for existing ships, and the Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII) (which rates ships from A to E). The shipping emissions reduction market for "energy efficiency" is the largest. The shipping emissions reduction market for "alternative fuels" is the long-term solution.

The broader maritime decarbonization market includes this segment. The shipping emissions reduction market for "EEXI" requires ships to meet a certain energy efficiency standard. This can be achieved by engine power limitation (EPL) (installing a software limit), retrofitting energy-saving devices (ESDs) (e.g., propeller boss cap fins, rudder bulbs), or using low-carbon fuels. The shipping emissions reduction market for "CII" rates ships based on their operational carbon intensity (g CO2 per ton-mile). Ships with a low rating (D or E for three consecutive years) will need to implement a corrective action plan.

The shipping emissions reduction market for "SOx" reduction is achieved by using low-sulfur fuel (max 0.5% globally, 0.1% in Emission Control Areas, ECAs) or by using an exhaust gas cleaning system (scrubber) (which allows the use of high-sulfur heavy fuel oil). The shipping emissions reduction market for "scrubbers" is mature. The shipping emissions reduction market for "NOx" reduction uses selective catalytic reduction (SCR) or exhaust gas recirculation (EGR).

The shipping emissions reduction market for "energy-saving devices" (ESDs) includes pre-swirl fins, rudder bulbs, propeller ducts, and contra-rotating propellers. The shipping emissions reduction market for "hull" coatings (self-polishing, foul-release) reduce frictional drag. The shipping emissions reduction market for "air lubrication" reduces frictional drag by injecting a layer of bubbles under the hull.

The shipping emissions reduction market for "monitoring" and "reporting" is required for compliance. The shipping emissions reduction market for "digital" tools for CII simulation and optimization is growing.

Looking ahead, the shipping emissions reduction market will see stricter IMO targets (net-zero by 2050 is under discussion). The shipping emissions reduction market for "carbon capture" on ships is a future possibility. The shipping emissions reduction market for "offsetting" (purchasing carbon credits) is a temporary measure. As regulations tighten, the shipping emissions reduction market will expand.

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